Signs and Behaviors of Sociopaths

The term sociopath is  often used loosely in media and pop culture. But despite being frequently lumped together with psychopaths as likely criminals, not all sociopaths are violent, nor is sociopathy a condition recognized  by doctors or psychologists. In the past, sociopathy was considered a form of psychopathy or a closely related condition. In contemporary medical practice, antisocial personality disorder is the diagnosis that best fits the characteristics associated with sociopathy. Key Takeaways Although the term sociopath is popular, sociopathy is not an actual medical condition.Traits of a sociopath include a lack of empathy, a disregard for social norms of right and wrong, impulsivity, excessive risk-taking, frequent lying, and difficulty maintaining relationships with others.The characteristics associated with sociopathy best fit the description of antisocial personality disorder, which  is  a diagnosable medical condition. A Brief History of Sociopathy In the 1880s, the prefix socio- first came up  in science and medicine.  German-American psychiatrist and neurologist Karl Birnbaum appears to have coined the word sociopathy in 1909. Then, in 1930, American psychologist George E. Partridge popularized the term and contrasted  it with psychopathy. Partridge described a sociopath as an individual who displayed antisocial behavior or defied social norms. In the  first edition of the  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), published in 1952, the condition was identified as sociopathic personality disturbance. Over time, the name continued to change. The modern DSM-5 includes sociopathy under the label  antisocial personality disorder.   Characteristics and Behaviors Most  non-sociopathic individuals display antisocial traits and behaviors  from time to time. A diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder requires an ongoing pattern of behavior that produces a consistently negative impact. The standard criteria for antisocial personality disorder include: A failure to conform to social norms or laws.Lying, usually for personal gain or pleasure, but sometimes for no apparent reason.Impulsive behavior and failure to plan ahead.Irritability, aggression, and poor anger management.Disregard for the safety of self or others.Irresponsibility, typically manifesting in problems maintaining employment and relationships or meeting financial obligations. To be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, an individual must be at least 18 years of age and have demonstrated the behavior before 15 years of age. The antisocial behavior cannot occur only in conjunction with other disorders (e.g. schizophrenia). Sociopaths  vs. Psychopaths   The difference between sociopaths and psychopaths  depends on how you define the terms. In the modern era, there are three different definitions of sociopathy, which may be compared with psychopathy: Some doctors and scientists contend that antisocial behavior caused by environmental and social factors is sociopathy, while antisocial behavior stemming from genetics or biology is psychopathy.A few researchers consider sociopathy to be  synonymous  with psychopathy, or else a less-severe form of psychopathy. In this definition of sociopathy, a sociopath is simply a type of psychopath.  Canadian criminal psychologist Robert Hare describes a psychopath as an individual who lacks any sense of morality or empathy, while a sociopath is a person who has a different sense of right and wrong from the majority. How Common Are Sociopaths? Deciphering the prevalence of sociopathy is complicated by its changing definition.  However, no matter which definition is used, its not a rare condition. A 2008 American study identified 1.2 percent of its sample as potentially psychopathic, correlating with alcohol abuse, violence, and low intelligence. A 2009 British study reported an incidence of 0.6 percent, correlating the traits  to the male gender, young age, violence, drug use, and other mental disorders. Diagnosed antisocial personality disorder is more common in alcohol or drug abuse treatment programs than in the general population. It occurs more frequently in  individuals who were hyperactive as children. Antisocial personality disorder is seen in between 3 percent and 30 percent of psychiatric outpatients. A 2002 literature review found 47 percent of male prisoners and 21 percent of female prisoners had the disorder. Potential Treatment Sociopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and psychopathy tend not to respond well to treatment. In fact, some  studies indicate treatment may worsen the condition. According to the Mayo Clinic, there are no drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat antisocial personality disorder. Psychotherapy is often unsuccessful because many sociopaths wont admit they have a problem or else are unwilling to change. However, if the disorder is identified early (by the teen years), the chance of a better long-term outcome increases. Sources Farrington DP, Coid J (2004). Early Prevention of Adult Antisocial Behavior. Cambridge University Press. p. 82. Retrieved May 8, 2018.Hare RD (1 February 1996). Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion. Psychiatric Times. UBM Medica. 13 (2). (archived)Kiehl, Kent A.; Hoffman, Morris B. (1 January 2011). The Criminal Psychopath: History, Neuroscience, Treatment, and Economics. Jurimetrics. 51 (4): 355–397.Mayo Clinic Staff (2 April 2016). Overview- Antisocial personality disorder. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved May 8, 2018.Mayo Clinic staff (12 April 2013). Antisocial personality disorder: Treatments and drugs. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Retrieved May 8, 2018.Rutter, Steve (2007).  The Psychopath: Theory, Research, and Practice. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p.  37.Skeem, J. L.; Polaschek, D. L. L.; Patrick, C. J.; Lilienfeld, S. O. (2011). Psychopathic Personality: Bridging the Gap Between Scie ntific Evidence and Public Policy. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 12 (3): 95–162.

Fate And Free Will Oedipus Rex - 1841 Words

Fate and free will have many meanings towards what they mean in Oedipus Rex it’s all based on fate and free will. When your whole life is planned out for you it’s usually fate something you can’t avoid or run away from. Fate is played out in Oedipus Rex although free will happens to be your choice of action which happens to be played out in the play. Oedipus pursed information to seek certain knowledge that he should ve just left alone about his identity. Fate is responsible for Oedipus’s incest and many of the other most critical and overwhelming events of the play. According to Oedipus, (1975) (â€Å"It was Apollo. He brought on these troubles the awful things I suffer. But the hand which stabbed out my eyes was mine alone â€Å"Lines 1582-1584). Oedipus clearly explained that Apollo was the one to tell him about his fate to come, but it was his own choice of action that lead him to that outcome of not being able to see. This ongoing philosophical debate of human life being governed by fate or individual free will is an ongoing topic. For one thing, defining free will is very complicated an operational definition is that free will is the ability to make one’s own choices. According to Free Will: An Historical and Philosophical Introduction (2016) â€Å" The debate between free will and its opposing doctrine, determinism, is one of the key issues in philosophy. Ilham Dilman brings together all the dimensions of the problem of free will with examples from literature, ethics andShow MoreRelatedFate And Free Will In Oedipus Rex1577 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationship between fate and free will was a common topic explored in ancient Greek plays. Oedipus Rex written by Sophocles survived through the years with such universal questions provoked by the plot. Fate and free will were driving forces woven throughout the play and considerably difficult to distinguish for both characters and the audience. Fate was considered an all powerful force by the individuals in the play. Oedipus challenged the power of fate in favor of his free will seen through hisRead MoreFate And Free Will Vs. The Book Of Genesis And Sophocles Oedipus Rex1428 Words   |  6 Pagesare three views that exist: the first is that there is only free will, the second view is that there is only fate, and the third view is that there is room and justification for both possibilities. The themes of fate and free will are very prominent in the book of Genesis and Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex. In both, the fate of the characters is decided by a higher being, but the way in which they arrive at their destinies is determined by free will and the choices they make, which leads to the demise ofRead MoreEssay about Fate vs. Free Will (Oedipus Rex)607 Words   |  3 PagesFate vs. Free Will Sophocles creates a world that makes the reader think about the complex and mysterious battle between fate and free will in his play Oedipus The King. To the characters, fate is real and that’s what they believe in. The audience sees that Oedipus is the one making the divisions and altimetry it is himself that leads to his downfall. Apollo, the Greek god of prophecy, intellectual pursuits and pelage, told Oedipus about his tragic future. When we first encounter OedipusRead MoreFate vs Free Will in Sophocles ´ Oedipus Rex and Shakespeare ´s Macbeth1487 Words   |  6 PagesFate and free will are two topics that are often questionable because they go hand in hand. Fate is a belief that a certain event is said to happen, then that persons choice and free will lead them to what has been predicted as inevitable. Knowing whether something is fate’s fault or the fault of the person who’s going to enact the said action, is one question that has never been fully answered. In Sophocles Oedipus Rex and Shakespeares Macbeth, fate is determined by their own choices and freeRead MoreOedipus The King, Fate And Destiny1201 Words   |  5 Pagesplay, â€Å"Oedipus the King†. In case you did not know, Sophocles is from Greece. In Greek mythology there are three goddesses who preside over the birth and life of humans. Each person s destiny was thought of as a thread spun, measured, and cut by the three Fates, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos. In the story â€Å"Oedipus the King† fate and destiny was the main theme. On Google the definition of destiny is the events that will necessarily happen to a particular person or thing in the future. Fate is definedRead MoreThe Value Of Leadership In Oedipus Rex By Sophocles1326 Words   |  6 PagesBased on evidence, Athenians valued bravery, confidence and heroic strength in their leaders. For example, the entire reason Oedipus from Oedipus Rex by Sophocles became king of Thebes is because he defeated the Sphinx that was guarding the city, saving the citizens (info from the backstory). On page 11, a senator makes the comment, â€Å"if his bosom holds a grain of fear, curses like yours he never will abide.† The reader can assume the Athenians valued bravery because the senator makes a comment againstRead MoreSimilarities Betw een Oedipus Rex And The Kite Runner1391 Words   |  6 PagesFate versus Destiny: Is divine justice righteous when fate or destiny is present? Oedipus Rex and The Kite Runner are both profound works of literature that share two immensely universal themes, those themes being fate/free will and divine justice. These two themes are quite prominent throughout both pieces of writing and serve to facilitate a very humanistic connection between the audience and the story. Although both of these stories consist of the two themes mentioned, they each express themRead MoreOedipus Rex And The Mountains Echoed1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe debate whether our lives are controlled by our own choices or fate, is an ongoing question that we could never have the answer to because we can never fully prove one side. I believe that both personal choice and fate have a great effect in our lives. Both Oedipus Rex and the novel and the mountains echoed show how both personal choice and fate have a great influence in our rises up and our falling downs in life. In the Elizabethan era it was believed that our lives were predestined. People’sRead MoreOedipus Downfall Essay example774 Words   |  4 PagesPrompt: In a well-developed essay, consider whether hubris, fate or both are the use of Oedipus’ downfall. Use evidence from the text to support your support. Hubris is defined as excessive pride or self-confidence, while fate is defined as the supposed force, principle, or power that predetermines events. Ancient Greeks believed in Hubris, or pride. Pride may have been seen as good or bad. Many people that exhibit pride may come off as being proud of their achievements or lives; however, prideRead MoreOedipus Rex And The Kite Runner1367 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus Rex and The Kite Runner are both profound works of literature that share two immensely universal themes, those themes being fate and freewill and divine justice. These two themes are quite prominent throughout both pieces of writing and serve to facilitate a very human connection between the audience and the story. Although both of these stories consist of the two themes mentioned, they each express them in a unique fashion. Oedipus Rex focuses more so on the concept of fate whereas The

The Clash Of Civilizations Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Clash Of Civilizations Essay, Research Paper There are many civilisations around the universe. A civilisation is the broadest degree to which a individual belongs and identifies with and must portion something like faith, civilization, linguistic communication, race, etc. with the other people of its same civilisation. On the yesteryear, the privation for district and power enlargement was the chief cause for wars. Then, after the World Wars, political orientations were the chief cause for battle ; Soviet Union- Communism, US- Capitalism. However, the following measure on doing wars, as the writer and many other people believe will be and already is the clang of civilisations. The differences between civilisations are now doing many jobs and in the hereafter will go the chief cause for wars. The writer considers there are some basic grounds that explain why the clang of civilisations will go the cause for wars in the hereafter. The first ground is faith. We will write a custom essay sample on The Clash Of Civilizations Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are several types of faiths and each faith has its ain beliefs and strong beliefs and its devotes to them are really positive of what their faith Teachs to them. Because of this, differences between faiths cause a clang between the beliefs of people and as we know, this has provoked many wars during history. What can be expected on the hereafter is a great clang between Western and Confucian-Islamic faith. Another factor is that because of increasing communications, interaction between civilisations occurs more and more and at the clip people are going aware of their great differences. Something I besides consider really of import is the great economic spread between Western and Non-Western states. This is doing Non-Western states to experience someway the necessity to go better than the West and will seek through any agencies to overhaul without occidentalizing in order to go competitory. Besides, this difference is doing bitterness toward the West. Something besides really o f import in this job is the trouble to stop cultural differences. For illustration, a state can alter its political orientation and alteration from communism to capitalist economy ; nevertheless, civilization is something that can non be changed. You can non alter people from one faith to another or to alter their races to do them common. This is why ; a clang between civilisations will be the cause for future wars and will be something really hard to work out. Something that has been happening and that I hadn t noticed is what the writer calls the kin-country syndrome ; this is, to put civilisation commonalty as a factor to go back street of a state in a war and even to help it in other ways such as economically. A clear illustration of this is the dual criterion that the UN is using. Non-Western states think this organisation is wholly Westernized and use different Torahs to their kin-countries than to other states. For illustration, many claimed that it was non just to use so rough penalty toward Iraq and at the clip being really soft with Israel when disobeying UN declarations. Today, the West has no competition militarily or economically. The lone state that could develop economically without occidentalizing is Japan. And it is going an illustration for other states to reenforce their roots and beliefs and to contend through different paths to overhaul and go better economically and militarily. However, the West is utilizing IO s, military and economic power, and other agencies to keep their civilisation over the others and to advance more and more their political orientations. However, most of the other civilisations are really steadfast on their beliefs and are seeking to even assist each other in what many believe is the West against the Rest. This is clearly expressed on the military assistance between Islamic and Confucian states. They sell atomic arms to each other and besides trade engineering in order to go a power that could be competitory to the West, but arisen in a really different manner. Because of this, it may be expected that the following great cold war or even violent war may be between the West and Islamic-Confucian provinces which decidedly will neer hold to get western political orientations. Because of all mentioned before, the writer thinks it is impossible the Western thought of making a alone civilisation, but alternatively believes we will hold a great diverseness of civilisations that will go on to do struggles. I think it is truly necessary to happen a manner to populate with each other in a Pacific manner because if non this may take us to a WWIII that would decidedly intend the terminal of humanitarianism. Bibliography Reserve. The Clash of Civilizations? Pg. 22-49.

Nelson Mandela (3754 words) Essay Example For Students

Nelson Mandela (3754 words) Essay Nelson MandelaExcuse me sir, may I see your pass? These words mean very little to most Americans; however these words struck fear in the hearts of black South Africans during the times of apartheid. While apartheid was being practiced, blacks were restricted in the jobs they could hold, facilities they could use, as well as the places they could be, and all blacks had to carry passes for identification purposes. If the passes were not in order, the carrier was subject to arrest. Through these terrifying times, one man rose above all the rest in the effort to combat this terrible practice of apartheid. This man was Nelson Mandela; a man who was so dedicated to the overthrow of apartheid that he was willing to spend twenty-seven years of his live in prison for the cause. Mandelas rise to the South African presidency, after his release is well documented, but in order to truly understand Mandela, one must examine his life before his prison term, and rise to the presidency. When analyzin g Mandelas life from this point of view, several questions come to the forefront. First of all, what was the extent of the apartheid laws which Mandela and the people of South Africa were facing? Secondly, what tactics did Mandela use to combat this practice of apartheid? Thirdly, what factors played a motivating force in the life of Mandela? And finally, what impact does the life of Nelson Mandela have on the rest of the world? After carefully answering each of these questions, one can easily see that Nelson Mandela was a man shaped by apartheid into a staunch nationalist that served as an example for his people and the world. In understanding Mandela as a nationalist, one must first have an idea of the brutal laws which he faced and dedicated his life to overthrowing. Apartheid was the policy being used to repress the blacks at the time of Mandela. Encyclopedia of Britannica describes apartheid as, policy that governed relations between South Africas white minority and nonwhite majority and sanctioned racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against nonwhites (Britannica web). It is important to note that racial discrimination existed in South Africa since Europeans first came there, however the policy of apartheid was not instituted until after the victory of the National Party in the election of 1948 (Britannica web). Once the National Party gained power, they began their movement towards apartheid in 1950 with the Population Registration Act (Britannica web). With the passing of the act, all South Africans were forced to classify themselves into one of three racial groups: Bantu (bl ack South Africans), Coloured (of mixed dissent), and white (Britannica web). A fourth group to include Asian inhabitants was a later addition to the act (Britannica web). This demeaning Population Registration Act was the foundation for all of the brutal apartheid laws that were yet to come from the National Party. Once the National Party had all South Africans placed into categories based on their race, they preceded to enact one policy that was particularly devastating to blacks. The name of this policy was the Group Areas Act of 1950. Before discussing the impact of this act, it is important to understand the extent of the majority the blacks had over the whites. Black residents numbered 31.5 million people, Colorued were 3.3 million, Asian 1.2 million, and the whites had only 5.4 million inhabitants (Geocities web). Now the purpose of the Group Areas Act was to prevent members of certain races from having land, houses, or businesses in particular areas of the country (Britannica web). As a result of this act, the small minority of white citizens was allotted over 80% of South Africas land (Britannica web). By analyzing the numbers presented, it is not difficult to see how this act had a devastating effect on black South Africans. Blacks represent approximately 75% of the population, yet are only able to use less than 20% of the land. As one could imagine, it would be hard for anyone to prosper under those conditions. Besides the Population Registration Act, and the Group Areas Act many other acts were passed to ensure the segregation between blacks and whites. Two acts in particular demonstrate that the ideas of the National Party were already in practice before they took power. These acts, very similar to the Group Areas Act of 1950, were the Natives Land Acts of 1913 and 1936 (Geocities web). The result of these acts was the large black majority being restricted to only 13% of the land in South Africa (Geocities web). To ensure that blacks would not move into white area, the government instituted pass laws (Britannica web). These laws forced blacks to carry documentation at all times, and these documents would show the authorities in which areas these people could travel (Britannica web). From these laws, one can easily see how the white government of South Africa used any means at their disposal to demean and keep blacks at an economic disadvantage. With this understanding, one can imagine how these policies could spawn the nationalist ideals of Nelson Mandela. After gaining an understanding of the laws Mandela was in opposition to, one must next look at the tactics he used to combat apartheid in order to truly understand him as a nationalist. The first time Mandela delved into anything that could be considered nationalist was when he joined the ANC (African National Congress web). The ANC was established in 1912 as a non-violent organization to combat the repression of black South Africans (Mandela xi). In 1944 Mandela joined the Youth League of the ANC, and the nationalist implications of the maneuver will be discussed later in the paper (Mandela xi). As far as ideology is concerned the ANC believed in using non-violent civil disobedience, which consisted of strikes and protests, and avoided taking lives at all costs (Mandela xi). According to one source the ANC saw, passive resistance was the only way to combat the heavily armed, violent state (Benson 43). By his involvement in these organizations one can easily see the efforts of a begi nning nationalist in Mandela. By 1952 Mandelas respect as a nationalist led to him being named the leader of the ANCs Defiance Campaign (xi). The Defiance Campaign stressed the type of non-violent resistance, which was the foundation of the ANC. Although the movement was passive, the masses were involved, and Mandela alludes in his autobiography when he writes, Doctors, factory workers, lawyers, teachers, students, ministers, defied the law and went to jail (115). The role of the masses in this nationalist movement headed by Mandela was also obvious in the fact that 8,500 people went to jail during this campaign (115). The fact that Mandela led this grass roots campaign to gain more freedom for his people, serves as an excellent example of Mandelas nationalist tactics. After the Defiance Campaign, and incident occurred on March 21, 1960 that would shape many of the nationalist tactics Mandela would use up until the time he was sent to prison. On this day, a group of blacks were peacefully protesting anti-pass laws in a region known as Sharpeville (Mandela xii). In response to the demonstration, South African officials fired on the protestors, and, in fact, killing many of the people (xii). The incident was labeled the Sharpeville Massacre, and because of it the National party called for a state of emergency, in which the ANC was banned (xii). With the banning of the ANC Mandelas and the other members of the ANC were forced to take their efforts underground (xii). The banning of the ANC, led to new nationalist philosophies within the group. These new philosophies are evident in a quote from Mandela, when he says, When some of us discussed this in May and June of 1961, it could not be denied that our policy to achieve a non-racial State by non-violen ce had achieved nothing (Mandela 22). This quote shows that Mandela and fellow members of the ANC new something new needed to be done within the ANC. What Mandela and other nationalist leaders decided to do was to form a military faction of the ANC called the Umkanto Sizwe (24). Mandela lets readers know this was the last option when he writes, We did so not because we desired such a course, but solely because the government had left us with no other choice (24). The nationalist members of the Umkanto decided on sabotage, over guerrilla warfare, terrorism, and all out revolution, as a means to obtain their goals (26). Mandela makes readers aware of why they chose sabotage when he writes, Sabotage did not involve the loss of life, and it offered the best hope for future race relations (26). The main targets of this sabotage were power plants, infrastructure, government buildings, as well as symbols of apartheid (26-27). The efforts of the Umkanto were designed to have a crippling eff ect on both the government and the economy, and in doing so change the attitudes of South African voters (27). Mandela was the leader of this group until he was arrested in Natal on August 5, 1962, and sentenced to life in jail (27). By leading and partaking in these efforts to rebel against a repressive government, Mandela once again shows himself as a nationalist. After looking at the brutal effect apartheid had on Mandela and the people of South Africa, as well as the tactics he used to fight this practice, one must delve deeper into Mandelas life to better understand what shaped his nationalistic ideas. In his own autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom, Mandela says, I cannot pinpoint a moment when I became politicized, when I knew that I would spend my life in the liberation struggle (83). Mandela goes on to discuss how frustrating it was that he could only hold certain jobs, live in certain areas, ride on certain trains, etc. (83). Although Mandela says that his attitude of natio nalistic political activism was the result of coming face to face every day with the apartheid laws that have already been mentioned, there are some specific motivations that can be seen as particularly influencing his nationalistic feelings. Martin Luther King Jr. EssayBesides the impact of Lembede and the Asiatic Land Tenure Act, the third major event that formed Mandela as a political activist and a nationalist was the election of 1948. This election pitted the United Party, which was in power at the time, against the National Party (Mandela 96). Although the United Party did not treat the blacks particularly well, they were rather mild compared to the National Party (96-97). The platform of the National Party was the idea, and programs of apartheid, which was discussed earlier in the paper. The main ideology held by the Nationalist Party was that blacks were inferior to whites, and that the white man should always have control over blacks (97). Eventually, the Nationalist Party, led by Dr. Daniel Malan, won the election of 1948, and this came as a great shock to the entire country (97). One would expect the black South Africans to be devastated by this outcome; however they were not. After hearing news of the electi on, Mandelas partner Oliver Tambo said, I like this. Now we will know exactly who our enemies are and where we stand (Mandela 97). Put differently, the new threat from the state allowed for the ANC to become more united on the ideal that some drastic new actions had to be taken (99). So by looking at the implications of the results of the election of 1948, we can see how it led to further understanding that more nationalist/activist actions had to be taken by Mandela and the ANC. Now that the laws Mandela faced, tactics he used, and his nationalist influences have been discussed, one must now analyze what kind of an impact Nelson Mandela had on his people and the world. Nelson Mandela spent twenty-seven years of his life in prison. After Mandela was released, the people of South Africa let him know what kind of impact he had on them in a rally on February 11, 1990 (PolyGram Video). The masses expressed what Mandela had meant to them in a song entitled, Father of our Nation (PolyGram Video). Some of the lyrics of the song are, You shaped our destiny, for many years we waited for you. Oh Mandela, son of Africa, Father of our freedom, Spirit of our Love (PolyGram Video). Hearing this quote, one can see the extreme gratitude the people of South Africa felt towards Nelson Mandela. Black South Africans understand that it was Mandela and his nationalist yet peaceful agendas that achieved freedom for them. Finally the song shows how dedicated the people were to Mande la, and how they did not forget about him while he was imprisoned. Mandela was conditioned from a young age to be a figure of great impact to his people. Even as a child, Mandela was groomed by the Paramount Chief of his tribe to eventually hold a position of leadership (ANC web). From his upbringing, Mandela was taught a strict work ethic, and learned the value of dedication (ANC web). Obviously, this dedication served Mandela well in his attempt to impact the lives of his people. Mandela makes his audience aware of his dedication to the freedom struggle when he says, You can see that there is no easy walk to freedom anywhere, and many of us will have to pass through the valley of the shadow of death again and again before we reach the mountain tops of our desire (ANC web). This quote comes from Mandelas address to the ANC Transvaal Congress in 1953, and shows the dedication he was willing to put forth to the freedom struggle (ANC web). It was because of this dedication that Mandela was able to unite the masses in a fight for freedom, and eventuall y bring apartheid and the government of the National Party to an end. By bringing about the end of apartheid, Mandelas nationalist tactics have had a profound impact on the lives of his fellow Africans, and blacks can now have an opportunity to succeed and prosper in South Africa. To conclude this paper, I would like to analyze the impact Mandela, as a nationalist, had on people around the world. To do so, I will talk about what I learned from Nelson Mandela while doing my research. While researching Mandela, I came across a quote from Ralph Waldo Emerson, and the quote said, I will stand here for humanity? I think this quote is an excellent explanation of how I now see Mandela. Mandelas efforts to overturn apartheid can really be admired by all of humanity, not just because he was dedicated to overthrow an evil system, but because of the manner in which he did so. One important idea to me was the fact that Mandela was against bigotry of any kind, and he was not just concerned about his own people. One quote which I found to be very moving explains Mandelas effort to end racism, and Mandelas quote says, I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the idea of a democratic and free society in which all per sons live together in harmony and with equal opportunity (Mandela 5). This dedication to democracy, and loving your fellow man is something that I believe should be applied throughout the world. I also am able to really admire Mandela for the love he expressed to those who were repressing him, as well as the fact that he combated violence with non-violence. The fact that Mandela went about his nationalist efforts in way that would do the least to damage race relations is very admirable. The world has recognized Mandelas work in this area as well by rewarding him with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 (Britannica web). None of Mandelas goals would have been accomplished if it were not for Mandelas aforementioned dedication, as well as his willingness to sacrifice. These too are qualities for which Mandela must be greatly admired. For those throughout the world fighting repression, Mandela can serve as an example of the action necessary to triumph in struggle. Because of his democratic at titude, and determination, I believe that Mandela truly does stand here on earth for humanity, as an example of what we should all strive for. BibliographyWorks CitedBenson, Mary. Nelson Mandela: The Man and the Movement. WW Norton ; Company; New York: 1986. http://anc.org.za.htmlhttp://www.eb.comhttp://www.geocities.com/apartheid.htmlMandela, Nelson. Long Walk to Freedom. Little Brown and Co.; New York: 1994. One Nation, One Country. Phelps-Stokes Institute for African, African American, and Indian Affairs; New York: 1998 (Mandela quotes xi-5). Video: MANDELA Son of Africa, Father of a Nation PolyGram Video New York: 1996. Legal Issues

Wolfgang wazart Essay Example For Students

Wolfgang wazart Essay Wolfgang Amadeus MozartWolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg in Austria, the son ofLeopold, Kapellmeister to the Prince-Archbishop ofSalzburg. By the age of three he could play the piano, and he wascomposing by the time he was five; minuets from this periodshow remarkable understanding of form. Mozarts elder sister Maria Anna(best known as Nannerl) was also a gifted keyboardplayer, and in 1762 their father took the two prodigies on a shortperforming tour, of the courts at Vienna and Munich. Encouraged by their reception, they embarked the next year on a longertour, including two weeks at Versailles, where thechildren enchanted Louis XV. In 1764 they arrived in London. HereMozart wrote his first three symphonies, under theinfluence of Johann Christian Bach, youngest son of Johann Sebastian, wholived in the city. After their return to Salzburg therefollowed three trips to Italy between 1769 and 1773. In Rome Mozartheard a performance of Allegris Misere; the score ofthis work was closely guarded, but Mozart managed to transcribe the musicalmost perfectly from memory. On Mozarts firstvisit to Milan, his opera Mitridate, r di Ponto was successfully produced,followed on a subsequent visit by Lucia Silla. Thelatter showed signs of the rich, full orchestration that characterizes his laterA trip to Vienna in 1773 failed to produce the court appointment that bothMozart and his father wished for him, but didintroduce Mozart to the influence of Haydn, whose Sturm und Drang stringqu artets (Opus 20) had recently been published. We will write a custom essay on Wolfgang wazart specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The influence is clear in Mozarts six string quartets, K168-173, and in hisSymphony in G minor, K183. Another trip in searchof patronage ended less happily. Accompanied by his mother, Mozart leftSalzburg in 1777, travelling through Mannheim toParis. But in July 1778 his mother died. Nor was the trip a professionalsuccess: no longer able to pass for a prodigy, Mozartsreception there was muted and hopes of a job came nothing. Back in Salzburg Mozart worked for two years as a church organist for thenew archbishop. His employer was less kindlydisposed to the Mozart family than his predecessor had been, but thecomposer nonetheless produced some of his earliestmasterpieces. The famous Sinfonia concertante for violin, violo andorchestra was written in 1780, and the following yearMozarts first great stage work, the opera Idomeneo, was produced inMunich, where Mozart also wrote his Serenade for 13wind instruments, K361. On his return from Munich, however, the hostilitybrewing between him and the archbishop came to ahead, and Mozart resigned. On delivering his resignation he was verballyabused and eventually, physically ejected from thearchbishops residence. Without patronage, Mozart was forced to confront the perils of a freelanceexistence. Initially his efforts met with some success. He took up residence in Vienna and in 1782 his opera Die Entfhrung ausdem Serail (The abdication from the Seraglio) wasproduced in the city and rapturously received. The same year in Viennas StStephens Cathedral Mozart married ConstanzeWeber. Soon afterwards he initiated a series of subscription concerts atwhich he performed his piano concertos andimprovised at the keyboard. Most of Mozarts great piano concertos werewritten for these concerts, including those in C,K467, A, K488 and C minor, K491. In these concertos Mozart brought tothe genre a unity and diversity it had not hadbefore, combining bold symphonic richness with passages of subtleIn 1758 Mozart dedicated to Haydn the six string quartets that now bearHaydns name. Including in this group are the quartetsknown as the Hunt, which make use of hunting calls, and the Dissonance,which opens with an eerie succession of dissonantchords. Overwhelmed by their quality, Haydn confessed to LeopoldMozart, Before God and as an honest man I tell you thatyour son is the greatest composer known to me either in person or byname. The pieces are matched in excellence in Mozartschamber music output only by his String Quintets, outstanding among whichare those in C, K515, G minor, K516 and D,Also in 178

Zodiac signs Essays

Zodiac signs Essays Zodiac signs Paper Zodiac signs Paper 1st period Zodiac signs have been around for a period of time now. The orders of the signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These signs are divided into four sections, which are Earth, water, and fire. A lot of people still wonder whether or not what they say about the zodiac signs are true or not, such as horoscopes and compatibility charts. The main concern is the affect your zodiac sign have on your personality and compatibility. Water signs are proven to be very emotional people. Water signs consist of Pisces, Scorpio, and Cancer. Relationships dont come easy to these people. Theyre very sensitive with there feelings all around. With that being said, its easy for them to pick up a vibe from others. These people have really strong intuition. The feelings of other people really interest them. Males of this sign are said to be the most sensitive males on the planet. People like this tend to feel sympathy for others, which means anything that has to do with helping someone, or giving someone attention, would be the perfect Job or task for them. However, although the three signs are water signs, they do have their differences. A Pisces are a very changeable person, which means one thing never satisfies them for too long. Attention span for them runs very short. Its hard to get them to stick to something, and stay with it. They thrive off of change. Now, what interest most people if anything else doesnt, is compatibility. The water signs are most compatible with earth signs. These signs would be Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These are the signs that water signs are most likely to get along with, and can benefit from one another. The earth signs are sure to keep you on your feet. Moving along, Earth signs, which in my personal opinion, I think are the most interesting people, in fact are! These are the most intelligent, stable, open-minded, practical, and reasonable people on earth. Unlike Water signs, earth signs dont really like change too much. They like too experience routines for a long period of time. The earth signs as said earlier include, Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These people are really sensual, and base all their thoughts off reality. This somewhat explains why these people tend to be sarcastic. These people like to plan, and make goals for themselves. By conversing with these people they can usually tell you their whole true life. Some of the most successful people in the world, such as Beyond ©, Michael Jackson, and Paul Walker, are Virgo which is an earth sign. Surprisingly, these three earth signs have many differences. A Virgo falls into the sub- category of mutable, which means they can connect with everybody, and they can easily be in charge without creating conflicts. This is because they have many different outlooks, and can easily see things from a different perspective. It is very easy for these people to bring things or people together. If theres ever a problem Virgo are the ones to call. They have such an adaptable and diverse personality. Something out of nothing. The word that is said to describe theses people is preserving. Taurus can come off as basic compared to other signs. Their main concern is achievement. Capricorn on the other hand, are the ones that like to be the center of attention. They love to run things, as long as their doing that then theyre happy. Capricorn are very outgoing people. They are considered far from shy. Of course, earlier it was said that the earth sign is most compatible with the water sign. After all they do say water feels at peace in earth (Bloodspot). You should also know that although someone is the same sign, males and females have different traits. This is common sense. Now, with all of that being said, moving on to air signs. This includes Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius. These people love to talk, (Nuance Belches). This clearly means that communication is one of their best traits. Air signs are very social. Your most likely to catch these people at parties, speaking at conferences, and hosting big public events. These people have some of the most vivid imaginations. This makes them very creative, and has a very artistic sensibility. Therefore, they make great designers. The difference between these signs is that the interesting Gemini ha s two sides. This means that it has the traits of another sign, as well as its own. However, like a Virgo, this sign also falls under the sub-category of being mutable. In this case they can also almost get along with any other sign. A Libra is also known to play the leader role. Labias are also well known for not wanting to be alone. One of their main focuses is actually how well they interact with others. Unlike Libra being so into people, Aquarius people focus way more on the world, and really like to express new des by their daily activities. These air signs are compatible with last but not least fire signs. According to the astrology world air feeds fire, (Bloodspot). The fire signs are Leo, Aries, and Sagittarius. These signs are well known for being independent. Because theyre so focused on them, these people usually become very successful and on top. Due to their abundant focus on independence, they usually have a hard time with the closes people to them, because they lack showing them attention. These people are also very arrogant, so if you ever want to be felt sorry for, or held in arms, stay away from fire sign.

Is China a military threat to the U.S. or its Southeast Asian allies Research Paper

Is China a military threat to the U.S. or its Southeast Asian allies - Research Paper Example ly influence continues to manifest hostility towards China, with provocative stands by the Philippines and Japan with regard to ownership of Islands in the contested regions belittling China’s growing stature in global politics. The traditional differences in foreign ideologies between the two nations does not seem to be resolved soon, since national interests of the two nations fall on opposing sides. With the competition for the global arena as the next stage to exercise global politics, China and the US continually find it difficult to resolve the hardline stand due to heightened globalization setting. From the experiences of the past encounters with global politics, China will focus on chanting a different course and justify current success from acting differently. In terms of recent astronomical economic performance in China, funding military exploration and ambitious intelligence systems raises concerns against such moves. In a world experiencing a spell of minimal aggression among nations, military expansion at the scale such as that witnessed in China recently triggers memories of the infamous Arms Race. Interesting timing of these developments in China at a time when global economic performance falls below China’s rate of economic growth translates to some form of opportunistic provocationi. Estimation of China doubling military spending by 2015 is a blatant insult to efforts of US peace building around the world. As such, the US can justify the move to assist and empower the allies in the southeast Asia regionii. The account of China’s performance in terms of human rights protection in a rapidly democratized world is not only taken as an insult to the US but also to the international community. The isolation of Chinese internal affairs from the rest of the world calls for participation of the US in the global campaigns of a democratic global society further fuels the tension of a military provocation. Despite the participation of China in

Black quarterbacks in the NFL Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Black quarterbacks in the NFL - Research Paper Example B. The four different queries are: 1. Black quarterbacks in the NFL 2. Black quarterbacks currently in the NFL 3. Black quarterbacks active in the NFL 4. Black quarterbacks playing in the NFL These queries should bring up different information but with the same focus on black quarterbacks. We will see the black quarterbacks that have entered and exited the NFL, as well as their history. C. The search engines that will be used are Yahoo, Google, Bing and Dogpile, which is a meta-search engine. These search engines were chosen because they are some of the most widely used engines and should produce good results. D. As can be seen from the results, not all results from the searches are relevant to the topic. Some of the results actually go off on a tangent into something completely unrelated. The table below shows which results were relevant. E. Table 1. The first column shows the first ten hits that were received. It also shows how many times the web page was referenced when using all 4 queries. As shown in the table, the BQB site received the most hits throughout the entire search. F. The next table shows how each of the sets are ranked according to the precision formula. Table 2 Chart 1 The meta-search engine (Dogpile) provided results pulled from all of the other engines. G. There were some pages that showed up more than once no matter which query we used. The results are below. Table 3 H. Google uses a page rank system which means that the various parts of the webpage are ranked according to relevance. This then determines which page shows up in what position on the results page. Dogpile (the meta-search engine) seems to use a feed method that pulls information from other search engines based on how popular they are. Bing and Yahoo seem to use the same type of method which can be considered to be a Boolean method (CCH Incorporated, 2011). It is noticed that Yahoo and Bing both provided results where some of the words were found and then in other cases only on e word was found. Yahoo and Bing ranked their results according to how many words of the original search were found within the pages returned as results. I. One thing to notice about the results is that the meta-search engine (Dogpile) produced fewer relevant results when the search criteria were entered into the search box. This poses a question about what methods they actually use to retrieve information relevant to various searches. It was not determined that any of the search engines used the Boolean method. The only searchable information that was added was the exact phrase that was being researched and no other words such as AND, NOT, or IF were entered. J. The Kendall's tau (t) coefficient (also known as the Kendall rank correlation coefficient) is a statistic used to measure how two measured quantities are associated. Set Theory involves a non-parametric hypothesis test that makes use of the coefficient to test for statistical dependence. The Kendall's tau = \frac{(\text{num ber of concordant pairs}) - (\text{number of discordant pairs})}{\frac{1}{2} n (n-1) } K. Chart 2. Precision of 10 bar-chart L. The best search engine for this particular topic is Google. Google used a different method but their results were still relevant. We saw some of the same pages but overall Google provided something different for

Religious Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious Summary - Essay Example The situation of famine in Canaan gave way for the men to move with their respective families towards Goshen in Egypt. The Jews within Egypt was not appropriate for the same. The Israelites became the slaves of the pharaohs and thus built the huge statues and monuments which exist even to this day. (Rousseau, 1983) The book of Exodus states that the new leader of the Jews - Moses led the people from their state of bondage within Egypt and thus the defining moment came within the Jewish tradition when God spoke to Moses and presented him the Ten Commandments which were engraved on different stone tablets. In a period of forty years, the Jews did come back to Canaan and thus drove out the present day inhabitants as well as named the city as Jerusalem, which was in essence the capital. The religion of Christianity is focused on the teachings of Jesus Christ while Islam derives its basis from Mohammad, the last messenger sent by God on earth. Christians believe Jesus Christ as the Son of God while the followers of Islam, called Muslims do not believe in God having anyone in His family, let alone anyone related to God. For the Christians, Jesus Christ has revealed the basis of God which is not different for the Muslims for whom Mohammad discovered that there was One God alone upon whom Muslims should base their thinking ideologies and beliefs. (Swidler, 2002) Christians are of the view that Jesus has ascended into heaven and he is the one who will eventually differentiate between the living and the dead whilst allowing the everlasting lives to those who follow the teachings preached by him. This is pretty true in the case of Islam where Mohammad will pave the way for the Muslims to enter heaven on the Judgment Day and will ask God to allow the followers of Islam to enter heaven and thus seek an everlasting life full of God’s bounties and splendor. Christians base their beliefs on the Holy Book

Combining Anomaly Based Ids And Signature Based Information Technology Essay

Combining Anomaly Based Ids And Signature Based Information Technology Essay Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are defined as tools or devices which are used to monitor a system or a machine or a group of users. They try to detect attacks before they take place or after attacks have occurred. IDS collect information from various points in the network to determine of the network is still secure. IDS can be divided into mainly two types: Network Based Host Based. As the name suggest the respective IDS is used for either a Network or an Individual Host. They both have their advantages and dis-advantages and hence are sometimes combined together to provide extra security (Innella, 2001). Working of an IDS An IDS basically can work in two ways:- 1. Anomaly Based 2. Signature Based Anomaly Based IDS (A-IDS) A-IDS can be defined as a system which monitor the activities in a system or network and raise alarms if anything anomalous i.e. other than normal behavior is detected. In any organization profiles are created for all users, wherein each user is given some rights to access some data or hardware. These rules and rights are fed to the A-IDS. If a user is using the computer in a time other than the one allotted to him, the A-IDS raises an alert (Carter, 2002). Carter (2002) GarcÄ ±Ã‚ ´a-Teodoro (2009) have also listed some advantages and dis-advantages of A-IDS. The Advantages are as below:- 1. Inside the network attacks are easily detected by A-IDS. 2. Any user actually abusing his privileges and accessing any other information is easily caught by A-IDS. 3. Zero day attacks can be detected by A-IDS. The Dis-Advantages are:- 1. Appropriate Training is required before it is set up in any environment. 2. It is very difficult to train the IDS in a Normal environment as a Normal Environment is very hard to get. 3. It generates false positives. 4. If the suspicious activity is similar to the normal activity it will not be detected. Signature Based IDS (S-IDS): This type of IDS is also referred as Misuse Detection IDS. It works on the basis of signatures. Each time an attacker attacks a system, he/she tends to leave some footprints of that attack. Footprints can be failed attack logs, failed logins, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ These are stored as signatures for IDS. It uses a knowledge base, which is a database which stores the previous details of attacks. Whenever it encounters something it matches it with the records in the knowledge base and if a signature matches it raises an alarm (Baumrucker, 2003). Carter(2002) has listed some advantages and dis-advantages to these signature based IDS. Advantages. 1. It can exactly determine the type of attack. 2. It does not produce false positives. 3. It provides an interface which is also easy for a normal user to monitor. Dis-Advantages:- 1. We need to update the knowledge with each and every possible type of attack signature. 2. It is necessary to update the database daily. 3. It cannot detect Zero Day Attacks. 4. An Attack in a database, if they are slightly modified then it is difficult to detect. Hybrid IDS. Goeldenitz (2002) in his paper has written Hybrid IDS seems to be a logical approach for IDS as one IDS can cover the dis-advantages of another type of IDS. It would be achieved by using various IDS together and then can be placed at various points in the networks like gateways, server links, and various junctions. He also explains that this Hybrid IDS is basically installed on a host like a HIDS, but acts like a NIDS. Depran et al (2005) have proposed a Hybrid IDS, which is using KDD 99 dataset. KDD 99 Dataset is a database which is used by researchers for IDS. The model proposed by them for the IDS is below:- This model shows it is integrated with both The Anomaly Detection Module and the Signature (Misuse) Detection Module. It also includes a Decision Support System which will receive input from both the Detection Module and then will decide what to do next. Working Rule: The Rule states if an Attack is detected by any one or both the Detection Systems, then it is termed as an attack. It is termed as Classified Attack if either Signature Based IDS or both have detected the Attack. It is termed as Unclassified Attack if only Anomaly Based IDS has detected the attack. Snort is a IDS which works on Signature Detection. It works on rules, which in turn are based on the signatures usually written by Intruders. (Rehman, 2003). (Aydin et al, 2009) have explained the pre-processor architecture of Snort and the way they have modified snort to reduce the number of false positives. They have used statistical methods such as PHAD NETAD for implementing their anomaly based IDS. The main reasons for choosing PHAD is that rather than modelling behaviour, it models protocols. Also it uses a time-based model for the rapid changes in the network. If a series of same anomaly occur then PHAD flags off only the first anomaly, thus reducing the number of false positives. They have basically combined PHAD NETAD with the pre-processor of Snort. A Pre-processor is an engine which has the ability to read inside the packets and alert based on the content. A Pre-processor can also modify the content of a packet. This was achieved by Aydin et al (2009) by copying just two files spp_phad.c spp_netad.cpp to the folder where snort.c lies, some code written and then the project was compiled to obtain a modified Snort as a Hybrid IDS. This snort was tried in various environments and Fig 3. is one of the graph showing the number of attacks detected by Snort + PHAD + NETAD on a daily basis. DARPA data sets were used to test this Hybrid Snort. It is also clear from the graph that the number of attacks detected by snort alone is way lower than the number of attacks detected by the Hybrid Snort. Hence (Aydin et al) also conclude that combining PHAD NETAD which are Anomaly Based IDS and Siganture Based IDS has more positive results and has contributed successfully. Future Work Depren et al (2005) have proposed that different ways can be proposed to implement Anomalous Based IDS and Signature Based IDS. They have also proposed that for AIDS, it would be better to classify the attack based on the network services and then write better rules for analyzing them with less attributes. Also Endorf et al (2003) have written in their book, target detection which has proved to be one of the best reliable and robust methods for Intrusion Detection. They also say that attackers although may be able to evade a signature based IDS, but they cannot bypass target detection which uses strong cryptographic algorithms and uses strong authentication to access the target functions. Commercial tools such as Tripwire, Intruder Alert, ForixNT, etc,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ are used by big companies, but are not so widely used by small companies due to price limitations. There are also chances that some Operating Systems might incorporate tools like these so one doesnt have to depend on ext ernal tools.

Electric Cars, Past and Present Essay -- Electric Vehicles Green Envir

One of the main components of an electric vehicle (EV) is the controller. The controller takes power from the batteries and delivers it to the motor. To do this the accelerator pedal is hooked up to a pair of potentiometers, which provide the signal which tells the controller how much power it needs to deliver. For safety there are two potentiometers, the controller reads both potentiometers to make sure that their signal are the same, if the signals are not equal then the controller will not operate. For a car with a 300V battery the controller takes that DC voltage from the battery and converts it into a maximum of 240 volts AC to sent to the motor. This is done by using large transistors to quickly turn the batteries voltage on and off creating a sine waves. There are two types of controllers, DC (direct current) and AC (alternating current). A DC controller, in all simplicity, is basically just a big on/off switch that is wired into the accelerator pedal. When the pedal is pushed in, the switch is on, and when the pedal is not pushed in the switch is off. So while you are driving you need to push and release the accelerator to pulse the motor on and off to maintain a constant speed. While this would work who can imagine actually driving like that so the controller does this pulsing for you. The controller reads the setting of the accelerator from the potentiometers and regulates the power as needed. For example, if the accelerator is pushed 50% of the way down, the controller would rapidly switch the power to the motor on and off so that it is on half of the time and off half of the time. Likewise, if the pedal is pushed 75% down the controller pulses the power so that if is on 75% of the time and off 25% of the time. .. ...e jeeps had a top speed of 50 mph and a range of 40 miles at a speed of 40 mph. Heating and defrosting were accomplished with a gas heater and the recharge time was 10 hours. The Present Several legislative and regulatory actions in the United States and worldwide have renewed electric vehicle development efforts. Primary among these is the U.S. 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment, the U.S. 1992 Energy Policy Act, and regulations issued by the California Air Resources Board (CRAB). In addition to more stringent air emissions requirements and regulations requiring reductions in gasoline use, several states have issued Zero Emission Vehicle requirements. Electric conversions of gasoline powered vehicles, as well as electric vehicles designed from the ground up, are now available that reach super highway speeds with ranges of 50 to 150 miles between recharging.

Argumentation Essay: Facebook Essay

Argumentation Essay: Facebook When a possible employee is in the process of being hired, his or her employment should be based on a social media network such as, Facebook. The main points for this position consists of professional versus social, freedom of speech versus censorship, and a person’s true identity behind closed doors. Facebook is one of various other social networks that are not confidential. Anyone can view a user’s profile and see all of their updates. People use Facebook from sending invitations to guests to campaigning a company party. Facebook is a major part of advertising now. Another large part of Facebook is posting photos. A user of Facebook can add as many photos to their profile as they want to. Facebook has made an immense impact on modern society. All ages, including some of the elderly have Facebook accounts. Small businesses and growing corporations also take part in having an account. Also, colleges and universities sometimes use Facebook to communicate with their students about upcoming events. Employers use several methods before hiring an eligible employee. An employer is looking for someone that is polished inside and out of the professional world. They have every right to look at employee’s Facebook profile. Nothing inappropriate should be posted on an employee’s Facebook profile. Everyone is aware that Facebook is not a private social media website. Posting a status or photo online can be seen by anyone, even an employer. An employer has every right to look through the person’s information. Facebook can be a downfall for numerous opportunities. Although we all have freedom of speech, it can be taken lightly with consequences. Employees can be fired by some of their actions on Facebook. Another consequence is someone not being hired due to their Facebook profile. If an employer does not like the material, they have every right to deny your employment. Especially in this modern society, employers and businesses are looking for the top quality for their company. Top quality employees differentiate from others. They do not retain inappropriate photos or words on a public social media network site. Employers look for people who will represent their business in a classy manner even outside of the business doors. Reputation is everything to some companies. They want their company reputation as high as it can be. A good reputation starts with good employees. An employer has every right to see how a person is in their social environment. A person’s personality and  personal actions cannot be judged just through the professional world. You can tell a person’s true personal traits in their comfortabl e social environment. Facebook is the perfect gateway to see how a person’s characteristics are different in the professional versus the social environment. Not everyone realizes that somebody is always watching you. Whether it is a family member, a close friend, or an employer looking to see if you are eligible for the position. Every individual should be held accountable for what they post on Facebook. Professional conduct should be shown at all times when something is posted on a public website. Keeping a professional conduct is very important to many employers. Some individuals would make a point that everyone has a right to have freedom of speech. Those who agree, feel that it is okay to put inappropriate material on their Facebook page due to their right to free speech. Freedom of speech is a constitutional right. Many people take the right out of context. Those who disagree, feel that censorship should be analyzed. Yes, every individual has a right to speak freely but, is it right to offend someone while practicing it? The answer is no. An individual could simply say they hate their boss on Facebook. All it takes is for that boss, or another employee to see the post. The employee could encounter disciplinary actions in their workplace or even lose their job. All this could be avoided if censorship was practiced. Also, some would say that an employer looking into an applicantâ €™s Facebook would cross the line between social and professional boundaries. Those who agree would point out that applicants should not be judged on their Facebook page. Looking through an applicant’s page is unprofessional and crosses the line. Those who disagree would make the point that it is a professional choice for the employer to do. The employer knows nothing about the applicant other than what they have stated on their resume. An applicant could lie about his or her age, obligations, or even the county they live in. It is only natural to do a check up on the applicant to make sure they look eligible for the position. Think of Facebook as a back ground check. Mostly every employee has to have a back ground check of them before getting a certain position. Facebook is very similar to a back ground check. It indicates a more interpersonal and social side of the person’s life. If an applicant desires a first-class job, they should always take what they put on Facebook in consideration. Although everyone has the freedom to speak  their mind, they need to practice censorship on a social media network site. Also, being professional on Facebook could increase your chances of getting hired. Anyone, especially a future boss could look at any account and choose to accept or decline an applicant’s position

How to Write a WINNING Resume - FREE on Amazon October 18-22!

How to Write a WINNING Resume - FREE on Amazon October 18-22! Im happy to announce that for FIVE days beginning October 18, 2013, my new e-book, How to Write a WINNING Resume 50 Tips to Reach Your Job Search Target, will be available for FREE on Amazon Kindle! This e-book takes you through the entire resume writing process, from concept and preparation through formatting and special issues you might face. Heres a sample of one of the 50 tips included in the book. Download the book for FREE on Amazon, October 18th through 22nd, to get the remaining 49! Consider Including a Chart, Graph or Testimonial If you are in sales or you are an executive, you might choose to create a chart or graph as a pictorial representation of your accomplishments. If you’re a receptionist or a nursery school teacher, a graph would be overkill. Here are some samples of a graph or chart included in a resume: Only use a graph if appropriate for the position to which you’re applying. In Career Directors International’s survey Global Hiring Trends 2012, 33% of respondents reported that they still have not received a resume with a chart or a graph. 24% of those who had seen charts and graphs found them helpful or very helpful, while 22% found them distracting. These results are rather inconclusive but indicate that if you work in a conservative industry (such as insurance or finance) it might be best to stick to the tried and true bullet format; in more innovative industries, or for marketing and sales positions, charts and graphs are a great fresh approach. For someone climbing the ladder within the same company, charts and graphs might also be very effective. When in doubt, keep it simple! Testimonials You might not particularly like tooting your own horn, and frankly, some things are much more credible when said by people other than yourself. If you have received recommendations on LinkedIn ®, positive feedback in evaluations, or testimonials in any form, consider putting them on your resume! Here’s what a testimonial might look like:    The use of testimonials is becoming more and more common on resumes. In Global Hiring Trends 2012, 29% of those surveyed said a testimonial would influence their decision positively. So take advantage of this trend and let your potential employer know what past employers (or professors if you are a new graduate) have to say about you! You may place the testimonial in the top third of the resume, near the relevant position, or anywhere that makes sense and is visually appealing. ********** Was this article helpful? You can find more tips like this (49 more to be exact!) in my new do-it-yourself resume writing e-book titled How to Write a WINNING Resume 50 Tips to Reach Your Job Search Target. And specifically for executives, Ive authored a second version just for you called How to Write a STELLAR Executive Resume 50 Tips to Reach Your Job Search Target. ** From October 18th through 22nd, get your copy of How to Write a WINNING Resume absolutely FREE on Amazon! Or purchase How to Write a STELLAR Executive Resume for just $9.97.**   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Remember: When you send me a link to your Amazon review, your name will be entered into a bi-annual drawing for a $50 Amazon gift card! You will also be entered into my monthly drawing to win Mary Elizabeth Bradfords Job Search Success System (winner of a 2011 CDI Career Innovator Award and a $97 value check it out here). Click the images above to check out the reviews, purchase, or write a review of your own for a chance to win! Category:Archived ArticlesBy Brenda BernsteinOctober 15, 2013 2 Comments Scott says: October 15, 2013 at 7:16 am Which book would you recommend if you were in a creative field like professional writing or graphic design and why. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: October 15, 2013 at 8:50 am I would recommend How to Write a WINNING Resume and I would also recommend using your design skills if you are in graphic design! Log in to Reply

Can Child Labour Be A Necessary Evil Young People Essay Essays

Can Child Labour Be A Necessary Evil Young People Essay Essays Can Child Labour Be A Necessary Evil Young People Essay Essay Can Child Labour Be A Necessary Evil Young People Essay Essay Now yearss, the composite and cosmopolitan job of kid labour have become a rough world pulling world-wide attending. The prevalence of child labor is economically unsound, psychologically black and physically every bit good as morally unsafe. No uncertainty, labor is worship but child labor in unsafe and a smudge on the scruples of society. It is a sad matter that child labor is deprived of his vernal life, instruction and therefore chances of higher degree of life. Child labour perpetuates poorness, it does non cut down it as it condemns one coevals after another to its barbarous circle. Child labour injuries the advancement and prosperity of a state. Throwing visible radiation on this fact, John has justly said, Starve a kid of nutrient, of fondness, of freedom, of instruction and you produce an grownup who is stunted as an single and holds back advancement and development instead than speed up it . Our state is besides confronting this critical job of kid labour. A broad fluctuation is seen in the appraisal of child labour in state. Harmonizing to 1971, 1981 and 1991 nose count of India, the figure of working kids accounted for 10.74 million, 13.60 million and 11.28 million severally. The ORG has estimated that the figure of child labour is closer to 44 million. Harmonizing to U.N. , 55 % of the work force in India is made up of child labour. It is usually seen that employers do non ever supply accurate informations on kid labour in order to safeguard themselves from legal fusss. It was pointed out in the World Conference on Children that the figure of child labour in the universe is about 25 crore, out of which the maximal figure about 10 crore is found in India entirely. It is estimated that about 7.5 crore are engaged in rural countries while staying 2.5 crore are employed in urban countries. Alarmed at this critical job, ILO has besides estimated that India entirely account s for one 4th of entire child labour of the universe. Childlabor is rampant across the state. Children can be seen working in agricultural Fieldss, rug and durri industries, biri, handcraft, lucifer box, glass and bracelet industries, in eating houses and as domestic retainers. It is estimated that 30 per cent of child labour is engaged in agribusiness and allied activities, 30 to 35 per centum in industries and staying are engaged in excavation, tea gardens and hotels etc. These businesss are risky, doing terrible physical harm to them and therefore suppressing their mental, moral and societal development. These child labourers become prey to many fatal diseases, like T.B. , Cancer, Asthma, lungs and tegument related diseases. The sad predicament of child labour is depicted by Sudha and Tiwari in these words, It is truly sad to observe that kids in most of the development states are populating suffering, depressing lives, laboring unendlessly to guard off famishment, wholly deprived of all amenitiess and chances for self growing and d evelopment. Poverty, unemployment, traditional attitude, marginalisation of farms, urbanisation, deficiency of schools, reluctance of parents to direct their kids to schools are the factors responsible for the job of kid labor. In fact, poorness is seen as the major factor responsible for this job. Poor parents barely have clip for their kids because they are all the clip fighting for staff of life and butter. They are non in a place to carry through their duties towards kids. In world, the kids are supposed to be the excess earning custodies, instead than excess oral cavities to feed. Children are made to work at a really immature age. Stressing this factor, the study of the Committee on Child Labor commented, Stronger than tradition is the factor of chronic poorness responsible for the prevalence and prolongation of kid labour . In hapless households, the kid, since his really appearance in this universe, is endowed with an economic mission.The kid is compelled to cast perspiration of forehead to maintain the wolf off from the door . Large sized households are besides held responsible for this job. Again, most of the workers are engaged in non organized sector. The insufficiency of rewards in this sector compels these workers to direct their kids on work to supplement their income. Availability of child labour at lower rewards besides motivates the employers to use them. The employment of the kid labour non merely reduces the cost of production but besides provides entree to that labour which is unresisting and unorganised. As a consequence of this tendency, the rewards of other grownup workers decline, big unemployment additions and that paves manner for the poorness. Nurse s barbarous circle of poorness explains the phenomenon of kid labour clearly. Therefore, child labour is an development of kid by the vested involvements. On the one side, there is irresistible impulse of hapless parents and on the other side ; the unresponsive attitude of specific industries is besides responsible for this job. The state of affairs of kid labourers in India is despairing. Children work for eight hours at a stretch with merely a little interruption for repasts. The repasts are besides economical and the kids are sick nourished. Most of the migratory kids, who can non travel place, sleep at their work topographic point, which is really bad for their wellness and development. Seventy five per centum of Indian population still resides in rural countries and are really hapless. Children in rural households who are ailing with poorness perceive their kids as an income bring forthing resource to supplement the household income. Parents sacrifice their kids s instruction to carry through the basic demands of their younger siblings and see them as pay earners for the full household. Irrelevance of instruction in practical life is besides considered an of import factor for this job. It is justly pointed out, A secondary ground for kid labour is that many kids choose to work because neither they nor their poorness afflicted households see the point of geting an instruction which has small relevancy to their lives and which furthermore does non vouch them a occupation. They prepare to undergo some sort of apprenticeship so that they can larn a accomplishment and gain money at the same clip . These kids are deprived of their childhood. The chances of acquiring good instruction and good occupations become a distant dream for them. Therefore, the parents, society a nd the province are responsible for this condemnable unfairness with the hereafter citizens. Childs are flowers of our national garden they should be nurtured with love and fondness so that ; they grow into responsible and antiphonal citizens. Child labor has of import demographic and social-economic deductions for developing states like India. Many commissariats have been made in the fundamental law of the state to advance the public assistance and development of kids. Under Article 29 of the fundamental law, no kid below the age of 14 can be deployed in any risky work. Article 23 prohibits forced labor. The chapter IV of theIndian fundamental law references specific waies related to the public assistance of kids. In Article 39, it is made obligatory for the provinces to explicate constabularies in such a manner so that the healthy development of kids can be ensured. To safeguard the involvements of these deprived kids, assorted Torahs have been enacted in the state. Many statute laws have been passed to forestall the employment of kids in risky businesss and to better their on the job conditions. Many policies have besides been formulated for the healthy and balanced development of kids. In the same manner, there are of import statute laws which provide legal protection to child labor in India. Some of them are following: 1. Child ( Pledging of labor ) . Act ( Government of India, 1933 ) 2. The Employment of Children Act ( Government of India, 1938 ) 3. The Minimum rewards Act, 1948 4. The mills Act, 1948 5. The Plantation Labour Act, 1951 6. The Mines Act, 1952 7. The Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 8. The Motor Transport Workers Act, 1961 9. The Apprentices Act, 1961 10. The Bedi and Cigar Workers Act, 1966 11. State Shops and Establishment Acts, 12. Harmonizing to the National Policy for kids, 1974, no kid under 14 old ages can be engaged in any risky business. It is besides laid down in the policy that kids should be protected against disregard, inhuman treatment and development. Again, the Child Labour ( Prohibition and Regulation ) Act was initialed in 1986 to censor kids s employment in 70 risky businesss. National Child Labour Project ( NCLP ) was besides launched by Labour Ministry in 1988 to rehabilitate working kids. In Oct, 2006, the Government has passed statute law to censor the employment of kids below 14 old ages in eating houses, hotels, tea-stalls, restaurants and as domestic labourers. India has besides become a signer to assorted international declarations and understandings to modulate the threat of child labor. So, it has become obligatory for the state to set about the steps to extinguish the flagellum of kid labor which has assumed serious proportions in recent old ages. Many policies have been formulated for the healthy and balanced development of kids. The Government has launched Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Mid Day Meal Scheme, Education Guarantee programme etc to convey the kid labor under the umbrella of instruction. Non Governmental Organizations were besides permitted to open residential schools for these kids to convey them back to the mainstream of the society. Residential and particular schools have besides been setup for the instruction of child labour. In 2006 the Government has introduced Integrated Child Development services aimed at supplying a bundle of services dwelling of auxiliary nutrition, immunisation, wellness look into up and instruction and non-formal instruction. In malice of acceptance and execution of assorted policies, Torahs and programmes by the authorities straight or indirectly, the job of kid labour is still gazing at us. Due to ignorance, illiteracy and economic irresistible impulses of the hapless households, these Torahs are evaded at different topographic points at different points of clip. Weak enforcement machinery, small information related to child labour Torahs and curious socio-economic conditions are besides the factors responsible for the turning away of Torahs related to kids. To look into the job of kid labor, it is indispensable to eliminate the threat of poorness by bettering agribusiness sector, supplying employment to unemployed custodies at minimal rewards, set uping agro-processing units in rural countries. Rigorous steps should besides be taken to do employment coevals and poorness obliteration programs effectual and successful and corruptness free. In the same manner, population control steps and other medical installations must be provided to the hapless subdivision of the state. Adequate school installations, proviso of dark schools, betterment in school environment and course of study of instruction can besides lend a batch in work outing this critical job. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights ( NCPCR ) should besides guarantee that reclaimed kid laborers do non return to work. So every attempt must be made for the repatriation of rescued kid laborers to their native topographic points. Poverty, unemployment and illiteracy are the premier grounds responsible for this job. So attempts must be made to eliminate these causes. Monetary inducements and income bring forthing assets must be provided to hapless households so that they are non compelled to direct their kids to work. It is indispensable to counterbalance the households of those kids who are being withdrawn from work force. A strong socio-political environment must be achieved with the active cooperation of people, society, and non authorities organisation. NGOs must actuate the parents to supply instruction, wellness attention and accomplishment development installations to their kids. Particular schools may be set up for the kid labour so they can get minimal makings. In the same manner, specific schemes must be evolved maintaining in head the nature of work in which the kid is presently engaged. Therefore, a joint attempt of authorities, NGOs and society is required to work out this critical job. We should seek to strike at the root cause of this critical job. Attempts should be made to alter the attitude and mentality of the people towards their kids. We should neer bury that today s kids are tomorrow s citizen. If this critical job is non tackled desperately, we can good conceive of the hereafter of our state in the yearss to come. 1

Information Security Risk Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Information Security Risk Management - Case Study Example Organization face internal as well as external actor, which create uncertainty for organizations in achieving the objectives. Hall (2010) called that the risk management was a hybrid function that had bridged the number of disciplines to reduce or avoid loss for organizations. Proactive activities are attempted to mitigate or prevent loss in the organizations. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam et al., (2011) used the compromise ranking (VIKOR) and fuzzy entropy techniques in engineering, procurement and construction projects. Separate techniques for risk identification and risk prioritization are used. Qualitative assessment helps the management to prioritize the risks identified by calculating their impacts and impacts. Except these techniques, Monte Carlo method is most significantly used for risk identification. This method is based on probability and their impacts. Monte Carlo method shows the correlation between the identified variables for a project. Identification of vulnerabilities and threats through risk assessment helps in determining the impacts of each risk. However, risk assessment becomes a complex undertaking when imperfect information is provided. Value assignment to information system business processes including the costs, recovery and their impacts can be measured in indirect and direct costs. Exposure of sensitive information about a specific business area of the organization has wide consequences and impacts the reputation or regard of the organization. Attacker can falsify the information, which is important for future decisions. Both qualitative and quantitative risk assessment technique can be used (Carroll, 2009). Risk identification requires the risk treatment. Risk treatment is a range of options used for risk evaluation and plan preparation for risk treatment. Planning the risk treatment also requires plans’ implementation. In an organization, when risk about information security

Art Originality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Originality - Essay Example I view the program as a catalyst to better myself and to enjoy the boundless regions of art itself. I really find the lessons motivating. Here, we are constantly encouraged to draw anything that we wanted. The course made me relish the freedom of the art world. There are times when we are asked to draw something at home to be presented before the class the next day. I believe that the intention is to gain inspiration and creativity in an ambience beyond the class' art studio atmosphere. There would always be time allotted to talk about recent news and various issues such as the nuclear test in North Korea to Nicole Ritchie's eating disorder. I guess such discussions are substantial in improving our skills because it nurtures self-expression and consciousness. One time we had to bring four pictures which we perceive to be of good art, of bad art, of a beautiful looking person, and of an ugly looking person. I chose Frida Kahlo's works as good art because her works exude a great sense of style in contrast with the bad art of Damien Hirst who is identified with his eccentric exploitation of animals in his works. I also brought the photographs of Nicole Kidman and Michael Jackson and explained that the former is a picture of beauty and the latter is a display of ugliness and distortion caused by excessive plastic surgery. After those discussions we would talk about our own works.

Empowerment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Empowerment - Essay Example To illustrate, according to Kotter, â€Å"employees often don’t feel they can influence the vision. If they feel disconnected and removed from the issues, they will feel ineffective and powerless, and will not to want to waste their time†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.there is less control and predictability in this mode, but empowerment creates the conditions where new ideas can spark and flourish† (Sourcepov, 2010). The modes of communication have undergone tremendous changes during the last two decades. In order to frame a comprehensive strategy for Publix social media, it is necessary to consider the recent development in the field of communication technologies. Facebook, twitter, and orkut are some of the most effective communication vehicles of social networking these days (what is go socially?, 2010). It is precise that any organizational or strategic change would not be effective unless management ensures active involvement of a broad base of people whose operations play a vital role in the proposed change. Therefore, to implement such a social media change, the management has to design proper programs to empower concerned associates. For this purpose, associates must be allowed to take action in response to different situations and the management must show trust in associates’ work as well as in their decisions. Such a stance may convince the associates that they are well considered in the organizational affairs. Through this strategy, the management can prepare its associates for the proposed social media change work. Huq (2010) strongly opines that employee empowerment may be a better way for the organization to attract associates to the change rather than forcing or pushing them to change; he also adds that a range of obstacles including compensation and performance appraisal-systems and organizational structures often become a barrier for the organization while implanting the framed changes (p.4). It is advisable for the Publix to adequately restructure

The Kamba community in Kenya Essay Example for Free

The Kamba community in Kenya Essay Dreams are part of human beings since everyone has them from time to time. They are interpreted differently in many cultures and so their meaning differ with different people. However dreams are connected to the spirituality. Some dreams come as warnings; others come from what the person has been indulging in when they were awake during the day. For example someone could have watched a horror movie during the day and so when he/she goes to bed he/she gets a nightmare; meaning a replay of the day’s activity takes place. Many times people dream and by the morning they can hardly recall what the dream was about. Other people have dreams and exactly how the dream had come something happens in the real life. In some cultures cleansing rites are performed in the homestead when certain dreams come. This is said to appease the spirits and avoid some bad dreams coming into a reality. I will want to focus on an African culture a Kenyan one. Dreams with dead people are considered a bad omen especially if there was physical contact in the dream. It is believed that if cleansing is not done immediately, the person who dreamt or a close family member would soon die. Cleansing involves slaughtering a goat or a sheep and all the blood sprinkled to the spirits (sprinkling to the ground as they talk to the unseen spirits trying to ask for protection) If a person dreams with a snake this is more serious for it is believed that the spirits are not pleased with that family and therefore what follows is a meeting of the elders and the family members and try to search for an answer to who could have wronged the spirits. Dreams of water are considered as good ones and that the person’s spiritual life is clean. If a person dreams with some food such as eating meat in the dreams; this is said to have no remedy, for sure a close person will definitely die. This community takes it that if a person can hardly remember a dream then it is not an important dream and no one dwells there. Interestingly they believe that if by any chance a dream with a deceased person who died at an elderly age, and the in the dream this deceased person asks for anything, and then effort to give the request will be made. (Usually the naming in this community repeats such that if a boy is born the first one in a family he automatically gets the grandfather’s name). So in this case if the old man dies and comes in a dream and asks for anything it is going to be given to this boy – his namesake. There is no known elderly person who died without a namesake and they also say if that would happen then the request would be taken to the grave of the dead person. They also believe that if someone dreams with a small baby then there is certainly going to be an addition in the family either the extended family or the nuclear one. They look at dreaming with livestock as a sign of wealth. This community has belief in dreams involving certain numbers. They don’t take dreaming with a number seven as a positive thing – it is a sign of war. Dreams of fire or smoke are taken as a sign of extra ordinary power. Dreams involving spears, arrows and shield are usually perceived as clear indication of a raid probably from the neighboring tribe. This calls for night patrolling, making cattle sheds stronger so the enemy doesn’t manage to carry the raid operation easily. It is all spiritual based. In the next page I will look at another culture and their understanding of dreams which will be little bit different from this one. Although this is a community in the same country when it comes to dreams and interpretation it is different but the common ground is that both communities see dreams as spiritual messages. The Kamba community in Kenya looks at dream with a dead person very positively. They believe the dead usually returns into this life only in a dream to especially advise those who were left behind and are loved by him (the dead). For this reason the person will keenly try to remember all the details that were said in the dream and follow them to the letter. He will also make it known to the people concerned what the messages were and what is expected of the living by the dead. This has been critical because I have seen people move from place to place because their ancestors visited them in the dreams and asked them to leave. This particular community would have no interest in any dream that involved cattle. They really consider a dream involving a calabash/guard as a very bad thing, since they believe that someone is trying to bewitch them. They will sell anything they have to go to a witchdoctor for protection. Really funny. I will now look at my personal experience as far as dream and spirituality is concerned. I have always had dreams before any major thing happened in my life. Sometimes I actually dreamt with my baby being sick and in three days time that had happened. If at all I will clearly remember the dream in the morning and also remember it during the day then I get sure that it will surely come to be. I believe it is a spiritual voice that comes to me at night is to bring in advance things that are about to happen in the near future. However I try to pray and dismiss the bad dreams which would keep scaring me during the times I remember. I have had dreams of good things which have come to happen in my life. As a Christian I know that there is power in dreams and that it is actually the Holy Spirit who brings these dreams to us, sometimes I know that the evil spirit does also bring dreams especially the terrible ones, I take it as a tool which every Christian has, it is a way that God communicates with his children, to either warn, prepares or to seek the victims heart. In the Bible there are a people who also had dreams and surely they were from God, example when Joseph the foster father of Jesus was given a message by the angel that he should not fear for the child Mary is carrying is conceived by the power of Holy Spirit. When King David had a dream and he called Prophet Nathan to interpret it – David was being warned by God that his act was not a fair one and he would receive the punishment due. So to summarize all this dreams and spirituality always go hand in hand, be it the cultural way of understanding this, be it the Biblical way of looking at it.

Should Drugs Be Allowed In Sports? :: essays research papers

Drugs have been around for thousands of years but their reasons for being used has changed. Drugs were originally intended for medical uses. In ancient Egypt, physicians prescribed tannic acid to treat burns. The early Chinese and Greek pharmacies included opium used as a pain- killer, while Hindus used cannabis and henbane plants as an esthetic. With the advances in technology drugs have become more helpful yet more deadly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since drugs have become easier to get they have also become more popular with young people and competitors in sports. During the mid-nineteenth new drugs emerged from the laboratories athletes started to be experimented on. The French tried using caffeine to enhance their performances. While other Europeans were mixing cocaine and heroin to give them extra energy they called this drug â€Å"speedball†. In 1886 this deadly mix contributed to the first drug related death in sports by taking the life of a cross-country cyclist. Today the drugs have changed dramatically many athletes have done or are on anabolic steroids, amphetamines, depressants or what are known as â€Å" brake drugs†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anabolic steroids are chemicals that are similar to testosterone, the male sex hormone. Steroids are used by a number or young people to enhance their muscle mass and increase their performances. While anabolic steroids are successful at building muscle, they can damage many human body organs, such as the heart, kidneys and liver. Steroids are taken by injection or in pill form, after steroids enter the bloodstream; they are distributed to organs and muscle throughout the body.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Forty-eight percent of high school students use steroids to improve athletic performance. Steroids can increase performances for athletes but steroids also affect the mind and character of the person. Some effects of steroids are impaired learning and hearing, violent behavior, and overly aggressive behavior. When women take steroids they start to show signs of masculinity such as deepening of the voice, increase in body and facial hair also the skin starts to roughen. Anabolic steroids give the one who takes them an unfair advantage in athletic competition. The advantage that they receive is not the same as natural born characteristics of ability.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another drug that some professional athletes seem to have an obsession with is cocaine. Cocaine was considered to be the drug of the eighties and it proved to be especially in the sport of baseball. During the 1980’s cocaine seemed to be the drug of baseball.